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KMID : 0897520010060020155
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Journal of Korean Association of Social Psychiatry
2001 Volume.6 No. 2 p.155 ~ p.163
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Reliability & Validity of Korean Version of
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Kim Hyeong-Seob
Jung Seong-Kweon
Ko Young
Song Jin-Woo
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Abstract
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Objectives : Purpose In Life test(PIL) was a scale designed for detecting the quantity of purpose in life of oneself, which was consisted with 20 items and. The theological background was a philosophy of existentialism and because everybody’s having a desire of finding the meaning of own life, thus, unless found it everybody could experience the existential frustration and existential vacuum.
We had though the PIL could be a useful tool for detection the causal aspects and therapeutic directions of the Korean specific disease entity such as Hwabyeong, house keeper’s depression, the problems of the childhood etc. Thus, we had translated English version of PIL into Korean and testified the reliability with validity.
Methods : Subjects were physically healthy and no psychiatric problems of 700 people. However, the data we had treated at last were 625. And also we tried to do test-retest and compared the healthy people’s data by PIL with depression patient’s data by PIL and BDI.
Results : 1) The ratio of the men/women was 241/384 and mean age was 37.87 years old in healthy group and 26/14 with 40.77 years old in depression group. And in depression group mean duration of illness was 52.17 months with 25 points of mean BDI total score.
2) Total score of PIL was 95.66 in healthy group and 75.70 in depression group, there was statistical difference between groups(p<0.05). Statistical differences were related with religion and education level in healthy group but there were no relations with those items, except gender, in depression group.
3) Test-retest reliability of healthy group was done with Pearson’s correlation and the r was 0.89(p<0.01).
4) Item-total correlation was Cronbach α=0.8897(Standardized item alpha=0.8966) and internal consistency was Equal-length Spearman-Brown=0.8151(Guttman Split-half=0.8136, Unequal-length Sqearman-Brown=0.8151).
5) There were 4 factors by the factor analysis. The meaning of the factors were like that factor 1 was ’attitude about the life’ and factor 2 ’purpose of the life’, factor 3 ’initiative’, factor 4 ’value about being’. Those 4 factors were revealed statistical differences between healthy and depression group(p<0.01).
6) In the concurrent validity total score of BDI and PIL revealed negative correlation (r=-0.621,p<0.01). The scores of the 4 factors in depression group were statistically lower than those in healthy group(p<0.01), and also correlations of the BDI total score with 4 factors revealed negative correlations, which were statistically significant(factor 1 r=-0.626, factor 4 r=-0.698 ; p<0.01, factor 2 r=-0.377, factor 3 r=-0.426 ; p<0.05).
Conclusion : We suggest that Korean version of PIL might be a reliable and valid scale.
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KEYWORD
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Purpose in Life (PIL) Test, Reliablilty, Validity
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